█ _ 2008 حصريا كتاب ❞ Signals and systems ❝ 2024 systems: تحليل الإشارات والنظم A PRACTICAL APPROACH TO SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS D Sundararajan A Sundararajan John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte Ltd Copyright © John Ltd, 2 Clementi Loop, # 02 01, Singapore 129809 Visit our Home Page on www wiley com All Rights Reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, otherwise, except as expressly permitted law, without either the prior written permission Publisher, authorization through payment of the appropriate photocopy fee to Copyright Clearance Center Requests for should addressed to the #02 01, Singapore 129809, tel: 65 64632400, fax: 64646912, email: enquiry@wiley com sg Designations used companies distinguish their products are often claimed trademarks All brand names and product book trade names, service marks, registered their respective owners The Publisher is not associated with product vendor mentioned All trademarks referred text property respective This designed provide accurate authoritative information regard subject matter covered It sold understanding that engaged rendering professional services If professional advice other expert assistance required, competent sought Other Editorial Offices John Sons, Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK John Inc , 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA Jossey Bass, 989 Market San Francisco, CA 94103 1741, USA Wiley VCH Verlag GmbH, Boschstr 12, D 69469 Weinheim, Germany John Australia 42 McDougall Milton, Queensland 4064, Australia John Canada 6045 Freemont Blvd, Mississauga, ONT, L5R 4J3, Canada Wiley also publishes its books variety electronic formats Some content appears print be available Library Congress Cataloging Publication Data Sundararajan, Practical approach signals Sundararajan p cm Includes bibliographical references index ISBN 978 0 470 82353 8 (cloth) 1 Signal theory (Telecommunication) processing 3 System analysis I Title TKTK5102 9 S796 2008 621 382’23–dc22 2008012023 ISBN (HB) Typeset 11 13pt Times Thomson Digital, Noida, India Printed bound Markono Print Media printed acid free paper responsibly manufactured from sustainable forestry which at least two trees planted each one production Contents Preface xiii Abbreviations xv 1 Introduction 1 1 1 Organization Book 1 2 Discrete 5 2 Classification Continuous, Digital Periodic Aperiodic 7 2 Energy Power 4 Even Odd symmetric 8 2 5 Causal Noncausal 10 2 6 Deterministic Random Basic 11 2 Unit impulse step 12 2 ramp 13 2 Sinusoids Exponentials Operations 20 2 Time Shifting 21 2 Reversal Scaling 22 2 Summary 23 Further Reading 23 Exercises 23 3 Continuous 29 3 30 3 31 vi Contents 3 31 3 33 3 34 3 42 3 43 3 45 3 46 3 47 3 48 Further 48 Exercises 48 4 domain Analysis Systems 53 4 Difference Equation Model Response 55 4 Impulse 58 4 Characterization Responses Impulse and 60 4 61 4 Linear Nonlinear invariant varying 62 4 63 4 Instantaneous Dynamic 64 4 Inverse Convolution–Summation Properties 67 4 68 4 Complex Exponential Input 69 4 Stability 71 4 Realization 72 4 Decomposition Higher order 73 4 Feedback 74 4 74 Further 75 Exercises 75 Contents vii 5 79 5 80 5 81 5 82 5 83 5 Lumped parameter Distributed Differential Convolution integral 85 5 87 5 88 5 89 5 91 5 92 5 93 5 94 5 95 5 7 96 Further 97 Exercises 97 6 Fourier Transform 101 6 Frequency 102 6 Versions 104 6 Approximation Arbitrary Waveforms Finite Number Samples DFT IDFT 105 6 107 6 110 6 Linearity Periodicity Circular Shift Sequence Spectrum 111 6 Symmetry Sequences 112 viii Contents 6 113 6 Parseval’s Theorem 114 6 Applications Computation Using Interpolation Decimation 115 6 119 Further 119 Exercises 119 7 Series 123 7 FS Limiting Case Compact Trigonometric Form 125 7 126 7 Existence Gibbs Phenomenon 130 7 132 7 133 7 135 7 136 7 137 7 Duality 138 7 Differentiation 139 7 10 Integration 140 7 141 7 Aliasing Effect 142 7 144 7 145 Further 145 Exercises 145 8 time 151 8 DTFT Dual Relationship Between 156 8 158 8 Determination 158 كتب الإلكترونيات مجاناً PDF اونلاين قسم الالكترونيات هذا القسم يشمل العديد من الكتب الهامة المجال مجال يختص بدراسة الشحنات الكهربية الموصلات اللافلزية حين يشير مصطلح الكهرباء إلى تدفق خلال موصلات فلزية عن اساسيات للمبتدئين واَلْإِلِكْترُونِيَّات (بالإنجليزية: Electronics) هو (الإلكترونات المتحركة) (غالبًا ما يُطلق عليها أشباه موصلات)